One study found that nicotine gum improves archers' concentration and manual dexterity

1 study · 11 archers measured

ForContextAgainst20202022202420262021, for, n = 112021, context, n = 11
Each circle is a study: its position gives the year, its row whether it is for, against or context, its size how many participants it measured. Light circles are studies on other populations or without archers.

There is a single study, from 2021, with a design suited to the question: eleven national-level university recurve archers, all men and non-smokers, chew either a gum containing two milligrams of nicotine or a flavour-matched gum without it for thirty minutes, taking both conditions in turn. With nicotine the mean time for correct rejections in a figure-matching test falls from 8.23 to 7.29, and the grooved pegboard, a test of fine dexterity, is completed in 48.8 seconds instead of 53.4. Motor reaction times do not change. In the simulated competition that follows the tests the mean score over 36 arrows, averaged across three days, rises from 290.6 to 298.1, a result the registry reads in the entry on scores. The limits are serious: eleven people, a single dose, the order of the two conditions not reported, and the correct rejection time printed in milliseconds, a unit that cannot be the right one for a figure-matching task. Nicotine is addictive, and the registry records the result without recommending its use.

Also phrased as: "nicotine gum"; "nicotine and concentration"; "a cigarette before shooting"; "nicotine and dexterity"

In practice

Around the range one hears that a cigarette or a piece of nicotine gum before shooting helps concentration and keeps the hands steady.

Evidence

  • 2021
    For Archers Published later

    11 national-level university recurve archers, non-smokers, randomised placebo-controlled crossover with 2 mg gum: thirty minutes after the gum the mean correct rejection time on the Cognitrone falls from 8.23 ± 0.98 to 7.29 ± 0.87 (p = 0.038; the unit is printed as milliseconds) and the grooved pegboard goes from 53.41 ± 4.05 to 48.76 ± 3.18 seconds (p = 0.003).

    Nicotine supplementation enhances simulated game performance of archery athletes · Bao-Lien Hung, Li-Jung Chen, Yi-Ying Chen, Jhih-Bang Ou, Shih-Hua Fang

  • 2021
    Context Archers Published later

    In the same study motor reaction times do not differ between nicotine and placebo. The simulated competition score, the mean of three days of 36 arrows, rises from 290.58 ± 10.09 to 298.05 ± 8.56 (p = 0.009), and heart rate while shooting is higher with nicotine, 101.7 against 95.4 beats per minute.

    Nicotine supplementation enhances simulated game performance of archery athletes · Bao-Lien Hung, Li-Jung Chen, Yi-Ying Chen, Jhih-Bang Ou, Shih-Hua Fang

Status history

  1. 2021 Reported The first and only study of the question, with a suitable design: eleven national-level recurve archers, non-smokers, a gum with two milligrams of nicotine against an identical gum without it, taking both conditions in turn. With nicotine the correct rejection time in an attention test improves (7.29 against 8.23) and so does dexterity on the grooved pegboard (48.8 against 53.4 seconds), while motor reaction times do not change. A single study on eleven archers, with a single dose: reported.

Related

Related articles

Research lines

Cite
APA

Campagna, M. (2026). One study found that nicotine gum improves archers' concentration and manual dexterity (Version 1). In Evidence Registry. Retrieved 16 October 2026, from https://matteocampagna.com/en/registry/mind/nicotine-concentration-dexterity

BibTeX
@misc{campagna2026_nicotinaconcentrazionearcieri,
  author = {Campagna, Matteo},
  title = {One study found that nicotine gum improves archers' concentration and manual dexterity},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Evidence Registry, matteocampagna.com},
  url = {https://matteocampagna.com/en/registry/mind/nicotine-concentration-dexterity},
  note = {Version 1; accessed 2026-10-16}
}

Other claims in this domain

See all claims on mind and attention